Adenoma

Definition

Definition of Adenoma
An adenoma is a benign tumor (-oma) of glandular origin. Adenomas can grow from many organs including the colon, adrenal glands, pituitary gland, thyroid, prostate, etc. Although these growths are benign, over time they may progress to become malignant, at which point they are called adenocarcinomas. Even while benign, they have the potential to cause serious health complications by compressing other structures (mass effect) and by producing large amounts of hormones in an unregulated, non-feedback-dependent manner (paraneoplastic syndrome).

Symptoms

Symptoms of Adenoma
Symptoms related to adenomas vary widely. For example, a breast adenoma, called a fibroadenoma, typically causes no symptoms and may be so small that the affected individual is unable to detect it. Other breast adenomas, however, may be large enough to be noticeable by touch. By contrast, a lung adenoma can cause fever, chills, shortness of breath, and a bloody cough.

Causes

Causes of Adenoma
The cause of adenomas is usually unknown. Liver adenomas that occur in women are sometimes linked to prolonged use of oral contraceptives. There are also some forms of adenomas such as that of the colon that can be inherited.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Adenoma
Adenomas are diagnosed using a variety of techniques, including the collection of blood and urine samples, ultrasound imaging, computed tomography (CT) scanning, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Biopsies are typically employed to determine whether the tumor is benign or malignant. Treatment usually involves removal of the adenoma, although medication may be used to treat symptoms as well.

Treatment

Treatment of Adenoma
Surgical removal is often the recommended treatement for major types of adenomas. There are also some conditions that can be cured with proper medication.

Prognosis

Prognosis of Adenoma
Consult with your doctor.

Prevention

Prevention of Adenoma
Consult with your doctor.