Agnathia

Definition

Definition of Agnathia
It is defined as a disorder in which there is a congenital involvement of the defects in the fetus which is developing. It may occur due to the genetic reasons, environment in the uterus, and defects in the morphogenesis and abnormalities in the chromosome. This disorder also depends on the interactions between the pre natal and post natal environment. These disorders differ in the causation agents and abnormalities. A teratogen is defined as a substance which can lead to the defects in birth. The congenital term refers to the genetic disorder some times. It is different from each other.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Agnathia
It includes the cerebellum which is not fully developed, ears which are low set, tongue is small in the size, rib number is not normal, anomaly of cranial nerve, eye slits which are down slated, holoprosencephaly, lower jaw is half absent, small penis and mouth, a large amniotic fluid, still birth, infant death, synotia, mid face which is short and a defect in the nostril along with abnormalities in developing brain. There is an impairment in the vision and is followed by the seizures.

Causes

Causes of Agnathia
It includes the use of antibiotics mainly the sulfonamides and nitro furantoin. It occurs at the time of conception. They are linked with the birth defects. This association may or may not be causal.

Classification

Classification of Agnathia

• It includes the congenital physical anomaly in which there is an abnormal formation of the body structure. It may or may not be a condition of problem. Most of the people have one or more minor physical anomalies and so the examination must be done properly. It includes the curvature present on the 5th finger and is referred as the clino dactyly. It also includes the third nipple, indentations in the skin present near the ear and is referred as the pre auricular pits. There is a shortness of the metacarpal or meta tarsal bone which is 4th in number. There are dimples which are present over the lower portion of spine and are referred as the sacral dimples. These abnormalities give an idea about the other internal abnormalities which are important.
• It also includes the congenital mal formation in which there is an abnormal physical congenital which has a lot of adverse effects. The defect in the structure is considered to be a problem. These mal formations involve multiple body parts and are known as the mal formation syndrome.
• It also includes the congenital mal formation in which there are birth defects. It is a congenital physical anomaly which is recognized at the time of birth. It is quite significant and can be considered as a problem. As per the CDC guidelines there is an occurrence of birth defects which are caused by the multiple factors like genetics, environment, behavior and other birth defects. They have no specific cause.
• It also includes the congenital mal formation in which there are genetic defects. They have an ability to recognize or express in their life later on. They are further divided as a single gene defect, multiple gene defect and a chromosomal defects. The single gene defects originate from the defects in both copies of an autosomal gene. It is a recessive disorder. It can also involve one copy of the two and is autosomal dominant disorder. There are few conditions which occur due to the deletion or disorder in few genes which are present on the chromosome. There are few chromosomal disorders in which there is a loss or division of the large portions of chromosome. It can involve full chromosome. It has a large number of genes. Sometimes there are large abnormalities in the chromosome which effects on multiple body parts and organ systems.
• It also includes the congenital metabolic disease in which there is an inborn error of the metabolism. It is a single gene defect which is a heritable and affects many body parts. It only affects the structure.

Treatment

Treatment of Agnathia
There are various kind of Agnathia treatment.

Epidemiology

Epidemiology of Agnathia
It includes the errors in division of the cell. It occurs if there are no nutrients and absence of the atomic building blocks. It also occurs due to the presence of toxins at the time of birth and it affects the growth. There are problems in the division which occur early in the life. It occurs in the multi cellular organisms and can lead to the differences in structure and functions in the shape of organism. It is known that the absence of folic acid can lead to the problems in the neural tube like spina bifida. It occurs in case of pregnant mothers and in relation to their diet.

There are outside shocks which occur as the result of growth when the space is limited. It may also result in the change of shape or the separation of structures of cell. It forms a final shape which is not normal in outlook. It may also form abnormal structures which are not able to function properly.