Borreliosis

Definition

Definition of Borreliosis
Borrelia is a genus of bacteria of the spirochete phylum. It causes borreliosis, a zoonotic, vector-borne disease transmitted primarily by ticks and some by lice, depending on the species.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Borreliosis
The list of signs and symptoms for Borreliosis listed below:

1. Skin rash
2. Headache
3. Fever
4. Joint swelling
5. Muscle pain
6. Stiff neck

Causes

Causes of Borreliosis
Lyme disease is from the Gram-negative spirochetal bacteria from the genus Borrelia. At least 37 Borrelia species have been described, 12 of which are related to Lyme. The Borrelia species known to cause Lyme disease are collectively known as Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, and have been found to have a higher strain diversity than previously estimated. Until recently it was thought that only these three genospecies caused Lyme disease: B. afzelii, and also B. garinii (both found in Eurasia), and B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (predominantly found in North America, but also in Europe). However, newly discovered genospecies have also been found to give the disease to humans. There are over 300 strains of Borrelia world wide and it is presently unknown how many of these cause lyme, but many of them may.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Borreliosis
Consult with your doctor.

Treatment

Treatment of Borreliosis
Antibiotics are used for treatment of Lyme disease. Penicillin was initially demonstrated by researchers to be useful against Borrellia in the 1950s; today the antibiotics of choice are amoxicillin, doxycycline, and ceftriaxone. Macrolide antibiotics are also administered.

Prognosis

Prognosis of Borreliosis
Consult with your doctor.

Prevention

Prevention of Borreliosis
Consult with your doctor.