Multiple System Atrophy

Definition

Definition of Multiple System Atrophy
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare condition that causes symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease. However, patients with MSA have more widespread damage to the part of the nervous system that controls important functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and sweating.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Multiple System Atrophy
As the disease progresses three groups of symptoms predominate. These are:

1. Parkinsonism (slow, stiff movement, writing becomes small and spidery)
2. Cerebellar dysfunction (difficulty coordinating movement and balance)
3. Autonomic dysfunction (impaired automatic body functions) including:

• postural or orthostatic hypotension, resulting in dizziness or fainting upon standing up
• urinary incontinence or urinary retention
• impotence
• constipation
• vocal cord paralysis
• dry mouth and skin
• trouble regulating body temperature due to abnormal sweating
• loud snoring, abnormal breathing or inspiratory stridor during sleep
• other sleep disorders including sleep apnea, REM Behavior Disorder

Causes

Causes of Multiple System Atrophy
The cause is unknown. MSA develops gradually and is most often diagnosed in men older than 60.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Multiple System Atrophy
Diagnosis of MSA can be challenging because there is no test that can definitively make or confirm the diagnosis in a living patient. Certain signs and symptoms of MSA also occur with other disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, making the diagnosis more difficult.

Treatment

Treatment of Multiple System Atrophy
There's no cure for multiple system atrophy. Management of the disease involves treating signs and symptoms to make you as comfortable as possible and to maintain your body functions and capabilities.

Prognosis

Prognosis of Multiple System Atrophy
MSA usually progresses more quickly than Parkinson's disease. There is no remission from the disease. The average remaining lifespan after the onset of symptoms in patients with MSA is 7.9 years. Almost 80% of patients are disabled within 5 years of onset of the motor symptoms, and only 20% survive past 12 years. Rate of progression differs in every case and speed of decline may vary widely in individual patients.

Prevention

Prevention of Multiple System Atrophy
Consult with your doctor.