Platelet Disorders

Definition

Definition of Platelet Disorders
The hemostatic system consists of platelets, coagulation factors, and the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels. The platelets arise from the fragmentation of the cytoplasm megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and circulate in blood as disc-shaped anucleate particles.

Under normal circumstances, the resistance of the endothelial cell lining to interactions with platelets and coagulation factors prevents thrombosis. When endothelial continuity is disrupted and the underlying matrix is exposed, a coordinated series of events are set in motion to seal the defect (primary hemostasis).

Platelets play a primary role in this process, interacting with subendothelium-bound von Willebrand factor (vWf) via the membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ib complex. This initial interaction (platelet adhesion) sets the stage for other adhesive reactions that allow the platelets to interact with each other to form an aggregate.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Platelet Disorders
Platelet disorders can involve either a decreased number of platelets (thrombocytopenia) or defective platelet function. Functional disorders of platelets can be inherited (rare) or acquired (common). Platelet aggregation tests are useful in differentiating various disorders of platelet function. In all cases of thrombocytopenia, the peripheral blood smear must be reviewed to confirm the thrombocytopenia.

Causes

Causes of Platelet Disorders
Consult with your doctor.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Platelet Disorders
Consult with your doctor.

Treatment

Treatment of Platelet Disorders
Treatment of platelet disorders depends on the cause.

Prognosis

Prognosis of Platelet Disorders
Consult with your doctor.

Prevention

Prevention of Platelet Disorders
Consult with your doctor.